Xuất Ê-díp-tô Ký 22
Kinh Thánh Bản Truyền Thống ⇄ NET Bible
“If a man steals an ox or a sheep and kills it or sells it, he must pay back five head of cattle for the ox, and four sheep for the one sheep.
ศึกษาเพิ่มเติมTrộm cạy cửa ban đêm — Từ Hê-bơ-rơ 'bammachteret' có nghĩa là đào tường – đột nhập ban đêm. Chủ nhà không thể thấy ý đồ của kẻ trộm trong bóng tối, nên việc giết để tự vệ là được tha thứ. Sau khi mặt trời mọc, anh ta không được giết; kẻ trộm phải bị coi là kẻ phạm tội và bị xét xử.“If a thief is caught breaking in and is struck so that he dies, there will be no blood guilt for him.
If the sun has risen on him, then there is blood guilt for him. A thief must surely make full restitution; if he has nothing, then he will be sold for his theft.
If the stolen item should in fact be found alive in his possession, whether it be an ox or a donkey or a sheep, he must pay back double.
“If a man grazes his livestock in a field or a vineyard, and he lets the livestock loose and they graze in the field of another man, he must make restitution from the best of his own field and the best of his own vineyard.
“If a fire breaks out and spreads to thorn bushes, so that stacked grain or standing grain or the whole field is consumed, the one who started the fire must surely make restitution.
“If a man gives his neighbor money or articles for safekeeping, and it is stolen from the man’s house, if the thief is caught, he must repay double.
ศึกษาเพิ่มเติมQuan xét thay mặt Đức Chúa Trời — Từ Hê-bơ-rơ 'elohim' ở đây ám chỉ các quan xét, chứ không phải chính Đức Chúa Trời. Trong luật về tài sản bị mất, các tranh chấp được đưa ra trước các quan xét của Y-sơ-ra-ên, những người đóng vai trò đại diện của Đức Chúa Trời trong việc quyết định vụ việc. Phán quyết của họ mang thẩm quyền thiêng liêng.If the thief is not caught, then the owner of the house will be brought before the judges to see whether he has laid his hand on his neighbor’s goods.
In all cases of illegal possessions, whether for an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or any kind of lost item, about which someone says ‘This belongs to me,’ the matter of the two of them will come before the judges, and the one whom the judges declare guilty must repay double to his neighbor.
If a man gives his neighbor a donkey or an ox or a sheep or any beast to keep, and it dies or is hurt or is carried away without anyone seeing it,
then there will be an oath to the Lord between the two of them, that he has not laid his hand on his neighbor’s goods, and its owner will accept this, and he will not have to pay.
But if it was stolen from him, he will pay its owner.
If it is torn in pieces, then he will bring it for evidence, and he will not have to pay for what was torn.
“If a man borrows an animal from his neighbor, and it is hurt or dies when its owner was not with it, the man who borrowed it will surely pay.
If its owner was with it, he will not have to pay; if it was hired, what was paid for the hire covers it.
“If a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged and has sexual relations with her, he must surely endow her to be his wife.
If her father refuses to give her to him, he must pay money for the bride price of virgins.
“You must not allow a sorceress to live.
“Whoever has sexual relations with a beast must surely be put to death.
“Whoever sacrifices to a god other than the Lord alone must be utterly destroyed.
ศึกษาเพิ่มเติมNgười ngoại bang tại Y-sơ-ra-ên — Từ Hê-bơ-rơ 'ger' có nghĩa là người nước ngoài sống giữa dân Y-sơ-ra-ên, chứ không chỉ là khách viếng thăm. Đức Chúa Trời phán: 'Các ngươi đã từng là khách kiều ngụ tại xứ Ê-díp-tô' – vì vậy dân Ngài không bao giờ được áp bức người ngoại lai, mà phải đối xử tử tế với họ như họ mong muốn.“You must not wrong a foreigner nor oppress him, for you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.
“You must not afflict any widow or orphan.
If you afflict them in any way and they cry to me, I will surely hear their cry,
and my anger will burn and I will kill you with the sword, and your wives will be widows and your children will be fatherless.
ศึกษาเพิ่มเติมCho vay lấy lời = lãi suất — Trong bản KJV, 'người cho vay' và 'cho vay' chỉ đơn giản có nghĩa là thu bất kỳ khoản lãi nào. Đức Chúa Trời cấm lợi dụng nhu cầu của một người anh em nghèo khó – khoản vay là để giúp đỡ người thiếu thốn, chứ không phải để bóc lột họ. Đây là lòng thương xót, không phải kinh doanh.“If you lend money to any of my people who are needy among you, do not be like a moneylender to him; do not charge him interest.
If you do take the garment of your neighbor in pledge, you must return it to him by the time the sun goes down,
for it is his only covering – it is his garment for his body. What else can he sleep in? And when he cries out to me, I will hear, for I am gracious.
ศึกษาเพิ่มเติมQuyền hành cai trị — Bản KJV nói 'các thần', nhưng từ Hê-bơ-rơ 'elohim' cũng có nghĩa là các quan xét hoặc kẻ cai trị. Vì vậy, mệnh lệnh này nói rằng: đừng xúc phạm Đức Chúa Trời và đừng rủa sả những người lãnh đạo của các ngươi. Phao-lô áp dụng chính câu này cho thầy cả thượng phẩm trong Công vụ 23:5.(ACT 23:5)“You must not blaspheme God or curse the ruler of your people.
“Do not hold back offerings from your granaries or your vats. You must give me the firstborn of your sons.
You must also do this for your oxen and for your sheep; seven days they may remain with their mothers, but give them to me on the eighth day.
“You will be holy people to me; you must not eat any meat torn by animals in the field. You must throw it to the dogs.
Kinh Thánh Bản Truyền Thống — Public Domain.
NET Bible — © Biblical Studies Press, L.L.C. (netbible.org)
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